32-bit vs. 64-bit Computing - What’s Really The Difference?
Sixty four bit computing, has been around since the beginning of computing, but it wasn’t in the mainstream consumer marketplace until just a few years ago, while AMD announced AMD64 almost a decade ago. Getting the rest of the market to join up was aided by Intel’s own implementation called Intel® 64. From there, you needed an operating system that supported the technology and applications that were compatible to take advantage of it. Before Windows® Vista and OS X 10.6, that was hard to come by. You’ve probably seen that Windows® 7 comes in 32 and 64-bit version and wondered what the difference is. Even now, I’m still surprised at how long it’s taken to convert everyone over.
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Just a minor correction—there have been 64-bit versions of Linux since *before* the introduction of 64-bit hardware. An announcement about one of these from 2001 can be found at http://www.x86-64.org/pipermail/announce/2001-June/000020.html for those interested.
what i have done is incress my memory fromm 4gig duel channel 800mhz to 8 gig of 1066.will this cause an incress in speed.???? (64bits)
You say “Even now, I’m still surprised at how long it’s taken to convert everyone over.”
I am not surprised that you are surprised, considering you only seem to mention the positive points of moving forward with a 64-bit OS. Not everyone is willing and/or able to abandon older hardware or software applications that are not supported by 64-bit OS’s.Hello Geekers, Tell me something, Will 32 bit & 16 bit software work on a 64 bit OS? Thanks O. Wood
I would love to hear about system performance. Paged/nonpaged, kernel memory, what is it? I’ve googled kernel memory, but never found something substantial I can grasp.
Thank You,
Andrew Couch
The only reason 64 bit isn’t totaly mainstream is because manufacturers are unwilling to support programs and hardware as well as they do 32 bit.
Because of this, most average users stick with 32 bit computing.Re “more than 4 GB of memory in a 64-bit operating system can make it easier to manage”
but can mb & cpu handle more than 4 GB of memoryI have an iMac with OS 10.6.3, 2.8 Ghz Intel Core 2 Duo with 4 GB 800mhz DDR2 SDRAM. Can I up my memory? If so, what would be the highest? I am running in 64 bit, but can’t really say that I see a speed difference. Last week I upped my ATT DSL from the basic speed to the next level for $5.00 more a month and can’t say that I notice any difference there either. From what I see, the speed is back to what it used to be when I first got DSL. I think ATT slowed me down so that I would complain and then talk me into paying more telling me that I could “double” my speed!
Oh well. Wonderful country this USA always trying to screw someone.
I am currently running Windows 7 Ultimate, 32 bit. What do I need to do to upgrade to 64 bit? What are the posasible implications?
can you install 64 bit into a system that is 32 bit?
Thanks so much you guys! I always enjoy reading your tech tips articles in my email. You guys should continue having the full articles in the emails, so that the people with itouch can read the article after the ipod caches it.
But anyway, back then I just thought that the 64-bit part of the computer just lies in the operating system, but now that you reminded me, I recall my friend telling me that I needed to have a CPU that supported it also.
I enjoyed finding out information like the PB. At first, I thought it was smaller than a byte, then I searched it up on google, and found that it was a THOUSAND TERABYTES! Wow, I didn’t even know that something above a terabyte existed.
Great information also on the virtual memory, good thing I have 8 gb of RAM! lol
I had no clue that a 64-bit processor can process more information than a regular 32-bit one. Last year, I bought my laptop from BestBuy, and it came with Windows Vista 64-bit, and it ran slow and sluggish as a snail. I was scared and mad at the same time, and wanted to destroy the laptop. I had a 32-bit os installed instead, because i always loved the reputation of 32-bits. But then, once I got windows 7, I learned that Vista gave a bad reputation for 64-bit for me.Anyways, thanks again for posting these articles! And thanks for reading through my story.
Keep up the good work,Always reading,
Steven ChingWhen do you think mainstreme 64 bit motherboards will be able to hold 32 or 64 gigs of ram?
So with my Windows 7 Ultimate & 64 bit system, my Pandora radio becomes very unstable & most Utube sounds don’t play. Pandora (and others) say the problem is with Flash Player because Adobe does not support 64 bit computing with Flash Player. Is that so?? and if so is there a fix?? THANKS.
Your article only mentions the upside. I suspect that there are drawbacks. How come you didn’t mention any?
SO if you could, would you go 64 bit are 32 bit?
I’ve got the Ram, motherboard and other thingsDon’t waste to much time with win7 or vista. Built a Ubuntu 10.04 linux box like I did, quad core amd, 8 gig of ram 1 gig videocard on an asus motherboard, it flies!!!!
Now that you have told me all this can I convert my 32 bit amd athlon, 80 GB computer to 64 bit and if so how?
I must interject - I bought a cheap ASUS B202 Linux desktop. Really, cheap and have enjoyed various Linux distros but I need a Windows something for a new project -so bought 64Bit OEM WIN 7 OS. Well it won’t install - the error says it will not support the 64B OS.
Been looking all over the net looking for a solution, but have re-ordered a 32Bit - can’t return the OS
You mentioned all the pros how about the cons, like new drivers for peripherals and new versions of anitvirus programs.
How do I determine if my notebook can handle 64 bit version?
How can one find out if one’s computer is a 64 bit or 32 bit one?
Yes, but what about my printer/scanner, camera, the equipment we all have that works fine on XP.
What happens to running all of that with 64 bit operating system?There are almost 7 billion people alive today. A “32-bit phone book” could list over half of them. That’s why we’re moving from IPv4 to IPv6.
Thanks for article 32bit vs 64bit. As the version of Windows 7 that I bought came with both the 32 bit and 64 bit versions in the same case, I thought I’d try the 64 bit version - bad mistake....
Although my PC itself was up to spec, neither my printer nor my scanner had drivers which worked under this version of the OS. The native OS provided drivers for my modem under 32 bit, weren’t there or at least didn’t install under the 64 bit OS (and theres no other source for these). I think the article could have been improved by adding the sorts of things people should check for before making the switch to save them potentially wasting alot of time by having to switch back again.It wasn’t until 1961 (I think) that 64-bit computing emerged on the scene with the IBM 7030 supercomputer, so it was NOT around since the beginning as you stated. If you really want to get technical, the first electrically powered computers were ANALOG systems, not digital.
Also, your phone book illustration is incorrect as a 32-bit machine would have just shy of 4.3 billion addresses, but the world’s population today is over 6.8 billion falling quite a distance short of the mark of being able to hold the addresses for all the people currently living on the planet.
HI and thanx for all the great info you send me. I’m a rank amateur when it comes to computers so I must ask, how easy is it to convert a 32 bit computer to a 64 bit?
This article is unusually devoid of the type of info that I’m used to in the Tech Tips. There are many more considerations to 64b than just additional memory address availability.
Sure, 64-bit is nice - but what happens when I try to run my (expensive but already purchased) 32-bit software on it? I believe I’m forced to purchase new, even-more-expensive 64-bit versions of EVERYTHING. And is all the Windoze software I use currently available in 64b versions? If not, I’m crippled until it is.
IMHO, these are some very good reasons NOT to upgrade (yet) - why aren’t they mentioned?
Eventually I’ll want to move to 64b but not until I feel a need to upgrade my software (e.g. MS Office), as that is what really drives the cost of a computer upgrade.
Or am I way off base here? E.g. *does* 64b W7 support (32b) Office ‘07?
I am sure it is a difference in the way a computer works, not sure makes a lot of difference to the everyday home user though. The biggest draw back I have heard of is having to buy all new software to run on 64bit, so is it worth it? , like having to start all over again. That is why I and sure many others haved stayed away from the 64 bit as long as they have. And know will keep me away lots longer.
Hi, Recently read the article on 64 and 32 bits, but could not figure out what mine is . I have an AMD Athlon Processor, Windows Vista Home Plus, 2GB Memory, 160GB Hard Drive. What bit version do I have, 32 or 64-bit? I needed the answer to this recently and had no idea which. Please let me know? Thanks. Susan
THE DOWNSIDE is 64bit is simply not supported by all software and hardware. It has been looking better in recent years as retailers have pushed 64bit PC’s out to the market and forcing software/hardware companies to fall in line. But after working in this field for over 10 years as a tech and consultant let me tell you there have been incredibly painful situations where the client buys 64bit PC and then cannot run their 32bit software or hardware. Or worse it will run but has issues reminiscent of Windows ME and Vista. Work arounds tend to still be buggy or some functions simply will not work at all. To me it is like telling the 32bit user that his 4cylinder car will run so much faster if he installed a nitrous system...only to have a rod come flying out of the hood on the first trip to the grocery store. Most business and home users do not need 64bit to do their basic day to day computing.
64bit is not for everyone! Fully assess the situation before going 64bit!
I love reading your tech tips, but you need an editor!
So is there a difference between a 32 bit computer with 4gb of RAM and a 64 bit computer with 4gb of RAM?
Hey - My message is attributed to someone else, the message above mine is ‘really’ mine - the message above mine is not mine (:-)) I do not buy AMD products!
Anyway - be aware, not all ‘puters can support 64bit as they are sold.
Yo dutch - thats what I said
I like your comments tho’
We’re still trying to work the bugs out in order to run VB6 on 64 Bit Win7Pro that ran fine on XPPro 32 bit. Stuck having to run a Windows Virtual PC in XP mode in order to run VB6. So 64 bit is nice, but not for VB6 apps.
I agree with your assessment and warning, Fabio—64 bit is definitely not for everyone yet. From the comments here it appears there’s interest but not much clarity on what 64 bit computing does and doesn’t bring to the table.
I do NOT like getting these teaser emails that make me have to click on a link to go read the full article. Please resume sending the whole article in email, or I’ll just unsubscribe, which would be a pity as I’ve enjoyed receiving them lo these many a year.
After reading 32 comments, ttblogger has not responded to any of the comments or concerns. I found this article lacking balance and borders on incompetence.
@ 1. - Thank you for the help, Gary. One thing to note is I chose to focus on mainstream computing. My source is AMD’s press release on x86-64/AMD64 dated in August of 2000.
@ 2. - Howard, you have increased your peak potential for speed.
@ 3. - You are correct, Bruce, which makes it hard to recommend just one all-encompassing solution for everyone. In this economy, it’s tough to tell everyone to buy new stuff, but I still recommend everyone get on board with 64-bit going forward.
@ 4. - Orval, modern 64-bit OS’s should support 32-bit software through built-in emulation. 16-bit applications may need another type of emulation, for instance, Windows Vista and 7 allow you to run applications in Compatibility Mode.
@ 5. - I will try to cover this in a future TechTip. Thank you for the suggestion.
@ 6. - The manufacturers are to blame, true, but it’s not entirely their fault. It’s often not profitable for peripheral manufacturers to go back and rewrite 64-bit drivers for old products, they simply don’t have the resources devoted to customer support to provide a complete backlog.
@ 7. - Ultimately, your motherboard will determine how much memory your system will support. Any 64-bit capable CPU should support the motherboard’s maximum.
@ 8. - You’re talking about quite a few different things. Check Apple support (http://www.apple.com/support) to see what memory and how much your iMac supports. Slowness in your Internet connection isn’t your computer’s fault at all.
@ 9. - Microsoft will help you with that, Jim: http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/compare/32-bit-64-bit-faq.aspx
@ 10. - You can install both 32-bit and 64-bit software on a system with a 64-bit capable CPU and motherboard, in most cases. You can check your system’s compatibility with Windows 7 here: http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/get/upgrade-advisor.aspx
@ 11. - I think everyone was frustrated with Vista at first and it never shook that stigma. Many of the improvements in 7 were introduced in Vista and refined over time. Thanks again for reading!
@ 12. - Not long at all for 32 GB. Intel’s X58 chip for Core i7’s currently support 24 GB of DDR3.
@ 13. - Flash can be a nightmare sometimes, one of the reasons Apple doesn’t support it in their iOS! Adobe says they are working on a 64-bit version.
@ 14. - You and others are correct, I forgot to mention legacy application and peripheral support as a drawback.
@ 15. - At this point, there are few reasons to opt for 32-bit over 64-bit.
@ 16. - Good to hear! Nothing better than a fast system!
@ 17. - You won’t be able to run 64-bit operating systems on a 32-bit CPU.
@ 18. - The Asus B202 has an Intel Atom N270 processor, which does not support Intel 64 technology. Also, you should buy the retail or upgrade versions of Windows, not the OEM versions. OEM licenses are for end-users that are buying a complete system, not for those of us that like to build our own.
@ 19. - Again, sorry I forgot to mention driver support and anti-virus support. Lots of old devices are going to be left behind. However, if your anti-virus program doesn’t support 64-bit by now, you may want to find something more up to date.
@ 20. - Check your CPU and motherboard for compatibility or try here: http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/get/upgrade-advisor.aspx
@ 21. - Check with the manufacturer or try the Microsoft Upgrade Advisor lists.
@ 22. - Hopefully the manufacturer is providing support for you, but at some point, you’re going to have to upgrade. Microsoft is ending support for Windows XP w/Service Pack 2 in July, it’s only a matter of time before your old stuff is completely unsupported.
@ 23. - Thank you for the correction. My totals were short, weren’t they? What’s a few billion here and there, right? Thanks for reading.
@ 24. - I am sorry to hear about that, Paul, and that is an issue many people ran in to: being left high and dry without proper support from your peripheral manufacturer.
@ 25. - Thank you for the correction, Bruce. I will use a better metaphor next time.
@ 26. - Thanks for reading, Maynard. Sadly, the hardware cannot be converted, you will need a 64-bit CPU and motherboard.
@ 27. - Emulation easily handles running 32-bit software on 64-bit systems and is built-in to Vista and 7. 32 and 64-bit versions of software should not be more expensive. Buying a retail or upgrade version of Windows 7 include both 32 and 64-bit versions. I would imagine you’d decide to upgrade your version of Office for reasons other than 32-bit or 64-bit support, as you probably won’t notice any difference in performance between the two.
@ 28. - 64-bit systems can run 32-bit software with using built-in emulation, but there’s essentially no benefit. Only 64-bit software in a 64-bit operating system will take full advantage of the technology. So you won’t have to buy new software, but you may have to buy new peripherals like mentioned above: printers and scanners.
@ 29. - Find your specific CPU model and motherboard model, then check with the manufacturer. Try this link, Susan: http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-vista/32-bit-and-64-bit-windows-frequently-asked-questions
@ 30. - You and others are correct, the downside might leave you without compatibility for certain hardware and software. This was a bigger issue a couple years ago, but going forward, I still recommend everyone get on board. Don’t forget, what a 64-bit system can’t do natively might be accomplished in a virtual environment!
@ 31. - Thanks for reading!
@ 32. - A 32-bit system with 4 GB of RAM will run into the 3.5 GB limit, as part of the memory is reserved for the system. There is also PAE, the Physical Address Extension that will get you a little more room, but your applications and hardware most likely would not notice a difference.
hey the posted by name refers to the post below and not the post above...I am not Fabio…
Sorry to interject but cannot fathom myself with that name...no offense to Fabio.@ Ryan...true about the virtual environment. But this can drive costs up and budgets are tight these days. I understand everyone getting on board but I simply do not want my clients suffering due to lack of support...a catch 22 I know, the more that use 64bit the better off we all are in the long run.
One other thing about the Ubuntu 64 bit 10.04 install, Every piece of hardware on this box worked fine the first startup after the install.
Thanks for the response (24) Ryan. While I agree it was case of me being left high and dry as far as drivers are concerned. In the case of the scanner and modem, these were for antique products no-longer made. If the 32 bit version of the OS natively supports an item, I expect the 64 bit version to do the same otherwise it’s the OS developer themselves leaving me high and dry!
@Paul: Microsoft operating systems come with a variety of generic drivers that are created by MS primarily for things like IDE/SATA controllers, generic video drivers, etc. The specific drivers you see included with Windows for printers, scanners and other devices are actually created by the hardware manufacturer and provided to Microsoft for validation and inclusion in the delivered Windows versions. They are not created (or even supported) by MS. The lack of 64-bit drivers for any of these devices lies solely with the hardware manufacturer, not Microsoft.
@Corey: Running virtual environments does not drive up costs. Microsoft Virtual PC 2007… free. Oracle VirtualBox… free. VMWare Player...free. Windows XP Mode (with Windows 7 Professional, Enterprise & Ultimate Editions)… just an additional set of downloads...free.
Where are you seeing the additional costs of running a VM?
"The Asus B202 has an Intel Atom N270 processor, which does not support Intel 64 technology. Also, you should buy the retail or upgrade versions of Windows, not the OEM versions. OEM licenses are for end-users that are buying a complete system, not for those of us that like to build our own.”
OK - I do my thing, you do yours. 32 bit works great and installed in 10 mins. Next is more memory.
@Meggeler: “Those of us that like to build our own” qualify for the OEM licensing option for Windows. If you go out & buy the parts and do a bare-metal install, you can use the OEM product without violating the MS licensing agreement. Any system builders (including if you are just building a single PC for yourself, a friend, family member, et al.) can use an OEM version of the product (and save a few bucks in the process).
@Mel (13): It doesn’t matter that there is not a 64-bit version of Flash Player since you are probably using the 32-bit version of Internet Explorer (the default in any version of Windows). In order to run the 64-bit IE, you need to select it from the Start Menu (it’s close to the top of the list; the 32-bit version is just below it). Your problem lies elsewhere.
One thing to mention and remember when talking about all of this 64 bit vs 32 bit. You may have a 64 bit processor but unless you install the 64 bit OS you will run in 32 bit emulation mode. Correct me if I am wrong but, the only way to take advantage of 32 bit and 64 bit software is to ensure you are running a 64 bit OS. this will allow you to install either 64 or 32 bit software.
Additionally some of my 32 bit drivers worked on my 64 bit OS but there is still an issue with manufacturers not providing 64 bit drivers for our favorite specialty cards, and devices…Here is my input on Windows 7 64 bit vs. Windows 7 32 bit. About a year and a half ago I built a new computer and decided to install Vista 64-bit software for Windows. Everything went fine except I did not find very many 64-bit programs and those that I found it said would worked with 64-bit operating systems did not seem to work as well as they did in 32-bit. When Windows 7 came along I got the package that had both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. I decided to go with a new install again of the 64-bit Windows 7. Again the same 32-bit programs did not work that fast for me in 64-bit. So after a lot of frustration I uninstalled the 64-bit operating system and used the 32-bit disk. As of today everything is working great. In my opinion 64-bit is the future but the future is not here yet. 32-bit is still king until the software companies start writing true 64-bit software. 32-bit will be what I will stick with for now. If you run Windows 7, the 64-bit version it will create a directory called SysWoW64. When you install a 32-bit program it somehow uses that directory to tell Windows to emulate a 64-bit program even though it is 32-bit. In the 32-bit system you will normally install all of your programs in a directory labeled Program Files. Well, in the 64-bit system you will have two directories. If you install a true 64-bit program, it will be install in a directory labeled as Program Files. If it is a 32-bit program it will be installed in a program labeled as Program Files (x86).
For those concerned about the 3.5 GB limitation on 32-bit operating systems, I suggest you read the following websites. The first one is http://www.pallab.net/2009/12/30/enable-more-than-4gb-memory-in-windows-vista-7/ and the second one is http://www.geoffchappell.com/viewer.htm?doc=notes/windows/license/memory.htm. After reading those 2 websites you will find that you can use more than 3.5 gigs of memory and a 32-bit operating system I currently have 12 gigs of memory in my 32-bit Windows 7 system, and everything works fine. All the programs work fine because they are 32-bit programs.Just to give you an example of what I am talking about, one of the programs that I ran was Dragon NaturallySpeaking version 10.
Nuance came out with a patch that made their program compatible with 64-bit operating systems. Yes it worked but to me it seemed to work very slow. Now I am running the same program on my 32-bit Windows 7 and it works great.I hope this explanation helps anyone trying to decide if they want to run 32-bit or 64-bit operating system.
64-bit computer made computer bocome faster.
Informative Article
Well with double the processing power included with most 64 bit processors all applications will soon be optimized for 64 bit machines. It’s definitely time for me to upgrade my PC.I like 64-bit Computing
Running Ubuntu 10.10 64 bit with a AMD Phenom quad core processor and 8 gig of ram with nVidia videocard with 1 gig of memory, No problems what so ever. Everything flies… No problems with installing packages either. No complaints from me, Ed
64bit actually will kill a frame or two for gaming on some games.. has anyone else noticed some cheapo computers with 2gb of ram coming with 64bit Windows? Its a marketing ploy! haha. or maybe its for future proofing the computer…
I am now running Ubuntu 11.04 64 bit, beautiful! Also have the same on this dual core, 1 gig of ram laptop, 64 bit works fine on it and everything is way faster than vista used to be.
I can I recognize and know memory of 32-bit and 64-bit ? Please clarify clearly.
I saw a lot of website but I believe this one holds something extra in it in it

